The legal reference interview
The legal reference interview requires several unique questions in order to connect the patron with the information he needs to complete his project:
1. What information do you want?
*Do you have specific citations or a general subject?
*What is the original source of your question? Purpose?
*What do you already know about this topic?

2. Legal details:
*Do you need laws, regulations, cases, procedures, news or history?
*Which jurisdiction? (international, federal, state or local)
*Do you need the law (or reg) as it was passed, or as it stands today?

3. How much information do you need?
*Full text or summaries?
*Plain language or professional legal texts?
*Deadline?


Most patrons can answer the questions outlined in points 1 and 3.
If they are fuzzy on point 2 (and many of them are!), employ the following strategies:


Is your patron working from a printed document? (homework assignment, textbook, legal document, newspaper article) Ask to see it. You might find the clues you need to help your patron (the name of the person who introduced a bill, case citation, reference to court rules, violation written on the traffic ticket).

If your patron presents you with an incomplete citation or something that sounds like a popular name (ERISA) ask him to enlighten you on the context of the question--education students researching "Title 9" are usually referring to The Educational Amendments Of 1972, (PL 92-318 Title IX) prohibiting sex discrimination.

When your telephone patron requests you to "look up the law on..." ask him to supply you with keywords/subject headings and jurisdiction (local, state, federal, international). If you can't match his terms with the subject headings listed in the laws/regulations/digests/practice books, invite him to use the materials himself or offer to send him the table of contents/index pages. Gently remind him that you, the librarian, cannot select or interpret the law.

If your patron is unfamiliar with his legal topic suggest he begin with a subject-specific book/guide/FAQ written in plain language. Items published by Nolo Press , Legal Services of New Jersey, the New Jersey Institute of Continuing Legal Education (NJICLE) , local bar associations, courts and government agencies are often the easiest way for your patron to begin learning about his legal topic. Once he grasps the general process/procedure of the law he can then use the annotations to locate/update answers to specific questions.

Always!!!!!
Remind your patron that laws & regulations change, cases can be overruled
(even the most current books/pamphlet parts/brochures/court decisions may be obsolete).
and that there can be overlapping levels of law...state/federal/international.
Offer to show him how to update the law or provide a reference tool that explains the process.
Warn your patrons to EVALUATE ALL legal information they find on the Internet.

Legal reference: tips & techniques


http://www.gti.net/mocolib1/demos/legalref.html
Lynne Olver
Morris County Library (NJ)
Highlands Regional LIbrary Cooperative--Legal Reference: Sources, Tips & Techniques
11 February 2000